Here’s how it works. Secret warranties are a response to a common problem in particular vehicles. For example, maybe the brakes are shoddy or the paint peels in certain models. The manufacturer agrees to fix the problem for free – but doesn’t tell the public. The automakers profit from this strategy, because most times, the consumer gets stuck with the bill.

At any time, there are at least 500 secret warranties out there. The tricky part is finding them. Because only four states have laws requiring automakers to tell you about secret warranties, you usually have to uncover them on your own.

Your best bet is to look for technical service bulletins (TSBs) that deal with the model and year of your vehicle. These documents from the manufacturer let the dealers know about common problems with certain cars – and, sometimes, how to fix them. TSBs are available to the public. Just ask your dealer for copies. Other good sources of help include the Center for Auto Safety, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and the Federal Trade Commission. Also, keep your eyes open for stories in the media or trade magazines about automobile defects.

Remember, these warranties are secret. So they’re not going to be called “secret warranties.” They might be called “goodwill adjustments” or something similar. But you can find enough evidence to show your dealer that you know a secret warranty exists. They key is to be well-informed and persistent. Often, only those who loudly demand their rights get treated fairly.